The purpose of this study isto analyze the differences water conservation behavior between people in developing countries and people in developed countries based on their time perspective. People in developing countries are more less likely tend to apply the water conservation behavior than people in developed countries. These differences are predicted have correlation with their time perspective orientations. This study is using literature analysis with interpretive – qualitative approach. The results of analysis is showed that people in developing countries tend to do not apply the water conservation behavior because the impact of water crisis still has not come yet, it is related to their time perspective are present orientation. Otherwise, the people in developed countries already implemented water conservation behavior although the impact of water crisis has not happened, it is also related to theirtime perspective are future orientation. The results from this study can be use as information especially for people in developing countries to decide what they must to be react with crisis water phenomenon that predicted will be happen in their country, so can be prevent crisis water sustainably.

Keywords: Time perspective, pro-environmental behavior, water conservation behavior

Arnocky, S., Milfont, T. L., & Nicol, J. R. (2014). Time perspective and sustainable behavior: Evidence for the distinction between consideration of immediate and future consequences. Environment and Behavior, 46(5), 556-582.

Biswas, Soutik. (2016). Is India facing its worst-ever water crisis?. Diakses dari http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-35888535

Boyd, J. N., & Zimbardo, P. G. (2005). Time Perspective, Health, and Risk Taking. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.

Corral-Verdugo, V., Fraijo-Sing, B., & Pinheiro, J. Q. (2006). Sustainable behavior and time perspective: Present, past, and future orientations and their relationship with water conservation behavior. Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 40(2), 139-147.

Corral-Verdugo, V., Frias-Amenta, M., & Gonzalez-Lomelí, D. (2003). On the relationship between antisocial and anti-environmental behaviors: An empirical study. Population and Environment, 24(3), 273-286.

De Oliver, M. (1999). Attitudes and inaction: A case study of the manifest demographics of urban water conservation. Environment and Behavior, 31, 372-39.

Dolnicar, S.,& Hurlimann, A. (2010). Australians Water Conservation Behaviours and Attitudes. AustralianJournal of Water Resources, 14(1), 43-53.

Duhn, I. (2012). Making ‘place’ for ecological sustainability in early childhood education. Environmental Education Research, 18(1), 19-29.

Esin, C. (2011). Narrative Analysis Approaches. N. Frost (Ed.) Qualitative Research methods in Psychology. Combining Core Approaches. Maidenhead, Bershire: Open University Press, McGraw-Hill Education.

Frank, L. K. (1939). Time perspectives. Journal of Social Philosophy, 4, 293-312.

Freshwater crisis. (2016). Diakses dari http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/freshwater/freshwwolffater-crisis/

Gleick, P. H., Wolff, G. H., & Cushing, K. K. (2003). Waste not, want not: The potential for urban water conservation in California. Oakland, CA: Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security.

Hanurawan, F. (2012). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif dalam Ilmu Psikologi. Surabaya: Komisi Peningkatan Kinerja Masyarakat Universitas Airlangga.

Harber, K. D., Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (2003). Participant self-selection biases as a function of individual differences in time perspective. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 25(3), 255-264.

India’s water crisis: 8 liters for 7 days, for drinking and all other needs (RT Documentary). (2016). Diakses dari https://www.rt.com/news/356679-india-water-crisis-documentary/

Karniol, R., & Ross, M. (1996). The motivational impact of temporal focus: Thinking about the future and the past. Annual Review of Psychology, 47(1), 593-620.

Keough, K. A., Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (1999). Who's smoking, drinking, and using drugs? Time perspective as a predictor of substance use. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 21(2), 149-164.

Kiswanto, E., & Pitoyo, J. A. (2016). Policy brief : gunakan air secara bijak. Diakses dari http://cpps.ugm.ac.id/documents/PB%20No.%2023%202016_GUNAKAN%20AIR%20SECARA%20BIJAK%20-%20Ciptakan%20Perilaku%20Hemat%20Air.pdf

Lewin, K. (1942). Time perspective and morale. Boston, MA, US: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Lopez, E., Balboa, H., Igartua, A., & Claramunt, R. (1994). Aproximación al estudio de actitudes respecto al ahorro doméstico de agua en Barcelona. San Cristóbal de la Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna.

Maurya, R. K. (2016). Use of family narratives as a tool of effective parenting. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 3(2).

Milfont, T. L., & Gouveia, V. V. (2006). Time perspective and values: An exploratory study of their relations to environmental attitudes. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 26(1), 72-82.

Perubahan iklim: inilah dampak pemanasan global di Indonesia. (2015) Diakses dari http://industri.bisnis.com/read/20151206/99/498986/perubahan-iklim-inilah-dampak-pemanasan-global-di-indonesia

Rabinovich, A., Morton, T., & Postmes, T. (2010). Time perspective and attitude‐behaviour consistency in future‐oriented behaviours. British Journal of Social Psychology, 49(1), 69-89.

Seyranian, V., Sinatra, G. M., & Polikoff, M. S. (2015). Comparing communication strategies for reducing residential water consumption.Journal of Environmental Psychology, 41, 81-90.

Simple things can make a difference. (2016). Diakses dari http://www.thirstforwater.org/water-crisis.html

Sircova, A., Van de Vijver, F. J., Osin, E., Milfont, T. L., Fieulaine, N., Kislali-Erginbilgic, A., & Zimbardo, P. G. (2015). Time perspective profiles of cultures. In Time Perspective Theory; Review, Research and Application, 169-187.

Strathman, A., Gleicher, F., Boninger, D. S., & Edwards, C. S. (1994). The consideration of future consequences: Weighing immediate and distant outcomes of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(4), 742.

Taylor, Roxanne. (2016). Interior composting toilets becoming more popular as water resources grow scarce. Diakses dari http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-01-31/interior-home-composting-toilets-on-the-rise/7128096

Turral, Hugh. (1997). Hydro Logic? Reform in Water Resources Resources Management Management in Developed Developed Countries Countries with Major Agricultural Agricultural Water Use Lessons for Developing Nations. London: Development Institute.

United Nations. (2016). Water scarcity. Diakses dari http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml

United Nations Environment Programme. (2004). Freshwater issues.Diakses dari http://www.unep.or.jp/ietc/Issues/Freshwater.asp

United Nations Environment Programme. (2016). Water conservation: a guide to promoting public awareness. Diakses dari http://www.unep.org/training/programmes/Instructor%20Version/Part_2/Activities/Interest_Groups/Public_Awareness/Supplemental/Water_Conservation_A_Guide_to_Promoting_Public_Awareness.pdf

Water conservation. (2012). Diakses dari http://www.thewaterpage.com/water-conservation.htm

World Resources Institute. (2015). 54% of India Faces High to Extremely High Water Stress.Diakses dari http://www.wri.org/sites/default/files/uploads/India_Water_tool_blog_graphics-01.png

World Resources Institute. (2016). Measuring, mapping, and understanding water risks around the globe.Diakses darihttp://www.wri.org/our-work/project/aqueduct

Zimbardo, P. G., Keough, K. A., & Boyd, J. N. (1997). Present time perspective as a predictor of risky driving. Personality and Individual Differences, 23(6), 1007-1023.