Rantai Pasok Bahan Baku Lokal Dan Daya Saing UMKM Pangan

Ilham Fajri, Imam Ardiansyah

Abstract


Perkembangan UMKM pangan di Kota Bandung menunjukkan peluang ekonomi yang besar, tetapi daya saing pelaku usaha masih dipengaruhi oleh kinerja pengadaan bahan baku lokal. Fluktuasi harga, ketidakpastian pasokan, kualitas bahan baku yang tidak seragam, dan lemahnya hubungan formal dengan pemasok dapat meningkatkan biaya produksi, menurunkan konsistensi mutu, serta membatasi kemampuan UMKM dalam memenuhi permintaan pasar. Artikel ini bertujuan merancang analisis rantai pasok bahan baku lokal dalam mendukung peningkatan daya saing UMKM pangan di Kota Bandung. Penelitian menggunakan mixed methods dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi untuk memetakan aliran bahan baku, informasi, keuangan, serta hubungan antaraktor rantai pasok. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui kuesioner kepada pelaku UMKM pangan, pemasok, dan informan pendukung. Analisis dilakukan dengan model Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) untuk menilai kinerja rantai pasok, SWOT untuk mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal, serta Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menentukan prioritas strategi. Hasil yang ditargetkan meliputi pemetaan aktor dan aliran rantai pasok, identifikasi kendala utama pengadaan, serta rumusan strategi penguatan rantai pasok yang menekankan kemitraan pemasok, standardisasi mutu, informasi stok dan harga, pembelian kolektif, dan dukungan logistik lokal. Kajian ini diharapkan memberi kontribusi praktis bagi UMKM, pemasok lokal, dan pemerintah daerah dalam memperkuat ekosistem pangan lokal yang lebih efisien, adaptif, dan berkelanjutan.

Keywords


AHP; bahan baku lokal; daya saing; rantai pasok; SCOR; UMKM pangan

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30813/fame.v9i1.10058

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