As one of the most important sites in which particular agenda are articulated and disseminated, news media play important roles in reproducing power relations and ideologies. Drawing on Fairclough’s approach of three-dimensional model within the paradigm of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and of the qualitative research, this study aims to identify the ideology enacted in a news article which reports the appointment of Susi Pudjiastuti as the Indonesian minister of maritime affairs and fisheries. It does so by analysing the textual, the discursive, and the social practices of the news discourse. Underpinned by the results of the analysis, this research also investigates the integration of CDA in English classrooms in Indonesia. The results of this study reveal that the patriarchal ideology is enacted in the news through (1) the construction of language use in comparing the qualifications of Susi with Indroyono Soesilo as the coordinating minister for maritime affairs; (2) the use of direct and indirect speech constituted intertextuality; (3) the enquiry of socio-political contexts surrounding the news discourse in relation to women’s participations in politics. Based on these findings and Cot’s framework, this research also attempts to design a reading task using the news article by constructing consciousness-raising questions, so that students can enhance their critical thinking skills and their ability to reveal hidden meanings in discourse. The implications of the research both in the theoretical importance and in the English language teaching are also discussed with reference to intercultural issues.

Keywords:  critical discourse analysis, news discourse, ideology, patriarchy

Amri, M. (2018). Gender domination in local newspapers. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 1(1), 19-26.

Aviation Tycoon Susi a Surprising Pick as Joko’s Maritime Affairs Minister. (2014, October 26). Jakarta Globe. Retrieved from http://jakartaglobe.id/economy/aviation-tycoon-susi-surprising-pick-jokos-maritime-affairs-minister/.

Bax, S. (2011). Discourse and genre: Analysing language in context. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Breen, M. (1985). Authenticity in the language classroom. Applied Linguistics, 6, 60-70.

Christ, C.P. (2016). A new definition of Patriarchy: Control of women’s sexuality. Private Poverty, and War, 24(3), 214-225.

Cots, J.M. (2006). Teaching ‘with an attitude’: Critical discourse analysis in EFL teaching. ELT Journal, 60(4), 336-345.

Creswell, J.W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). London: Sage.

Eagleton, T. (1991). Ideology. London: Verso.

Faramarzi, S., Elekaei, A., & Tabrizi, H.H. (2016). Critical thinking, autonomy, and lexical knowledge of Iranian EFL learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 6(4), 878-885.

Fairclough, N. (1985). Critical and descriptive goals in discourse analysis. Journal of Pragmatics, 9, 739-763.

Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. London: Longman.

Fairclough, N. (1992a). Discourse and social change. Cambridge; Polity Press.

Fairclough, N. (1992b). Critical language awareness. Harlow: Longman.

Fairclough, N. (1992c). Introduction. In N. Fairclough (Ed.). Critical Language Awareness (pp. 1-29), London: Longman.

Fairclough, N. (1995). Media discourse. London: Edward Arnold.

Fairclough, N. (2003). Analysing discourse: Textual analysis for social research. London: Routledge.

Fairclough, N. (2013). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language (2nd ed.). Oxon: Routledge.

Fairclough, N. (2015). Language and power (3rd ed.). London: Routledge.

Fairclough, N., & Wodak, R. (1997). Critical discourse analysis. In T.A. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse as social interaction (pp. 258-284). London: Sage.

Flowerdew, J. (2013). Discourse in English language education. Oxon: Routledge.

Foucault, M. (1982). The subject and power. In H. Dreyfus & P. Rabinow (Eds.), Beyond structuralism and hermeneutics (pp. 208-226). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Fowler, R. (1991). Language in the news. London: Routledge.

Fowler, R. (2013). Language in the news: Discourse and ideology in the press. London: Routledge.

Gee, J.P. (2011). An Introduction to discourse analysis: Theory and method (3rd ed.). London: Routledge.

Grabe, W. (2008). Reading in a second language moving from theory to practice (Cambridge applied linguistics). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Harmer, J. (2007). How to teach English. Essex, UK: Pearson Education.

Haryanti, A., & Suwana, F. (2014). The construction of feminism in Indonesian film: Arisan 2!’. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 155, 236-241.

Hashemi, M.R., & Ghanizadeh, A. (2012). Critical discourse analysis and critical thinking: An experimental study in an EFL context. System, 40, 37-47.

Hyde, M. (1994). The teaching of English in Morocco: The place of culture. ELT Journal, 48(4), 295-305.

Ida, R. (2001). The construction of gender identity in Indonesia: Between cultural norms, economic economic implications, and state formation. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan, dan Politik, 1, 21-34.

Janks, H. (1997). Critical discourse analysis as a research tool. Discourse: Studies in the cultural politics of education, 18(3), 329-342.

Jayanti, F.G., & Norahmi, M. (2014). EFL: Revisiting ELT practices in Indonesia. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 4(1), 5-14.

Jenkins, J. (2012). English as a Lingua Franca from the classroom to the classroom. ELT Journal, 66(4), 486-494.

Jeyaraj, J.J., & Harland, T. (2014). Transforming teaching and learning in ELT through critical pedagogy: An international study. Journal of Transformative Education, 12(4), 343-355.

Jones, E.P. (2007). Why there is no such thing as “critical discourse analysis”. Language & Communication, 27, 337–368.

Karimi, L., & Veisi, F. (2016). The impact of teaching critical thinking skills on reading comprehension of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 6(9), 1869-1876.

Kilickaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials and cultural content in EFL classrooms, The Internet TESL Journal, 10(7).

Kim, K.H. (2014). Examining US news media discourses about North Korea: A corpus-based critical discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 25(2), 221-244.

Kirkpatrick, A. (2007). Teaching English across cultures: What do English language teachers need to know to know how to teach English?. EA Journal, 23(2), 20-36.

Kocatepe, M. (2005). Troubling essentialised contructions of cultures: An analysis of a critical discourse analysis approach to teaching and learning language and culture (Doctor thesis, James Cook University). Retrieved from https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/1117/2/02whole.pdf.

Larrain, J. (1979). The concept of ideology. London: Hutchinson.

Larson, K.R. (2014). Critical pedagogy(ies) for ELT in Indonesia. TEFLIN Journal, 25(1), 122-138.

Li, J. (2009). Intertextuality and national identity: Discourse of national conflicts in daily newspapers in the United States and China. Discourse & Society, 2(1), 85-121.

Mambu, J.E. (2011). English for advocacy purposes: Critical pedagogy’s contribution to Indonesia. The Journal of Asia TEFL, 8(4), 135-173.

Martin, J.R., & Wodak, R. (2003). Re/reading the past: Critical and functional perspectives on time and value, Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Maula, B.S. (2010). Women struggle on political rights in Indonesia: Social and religious studies on the failure of women’s 30 percent quota in the Indonesian Parliament. Palastren, 3(1), 89-125.

McGregor, S.L.T. (2010). Critical discourse analysis: A primer. Halifax: Mount Saint Vincent University.

Mogashoa, T. (2014). Understanding critical discourse analysis in qualitative research. International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education, 1(7), pp. 104-113.

Montiel, A.V. (2015). News media coverage of women. Asia Pacific Media Educator, 25(2), pp. 182-193.

Murtiningsih, B.S.E., & Elmada, M.A.G. (2017). Representation of patriarchal culture in new media: A case study of news and advertisement on Tribunnews.com. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 8(3), 143- 154.

Neuman, S.B., Kaefer, T., & Pinkham, A. (2014). Building background knowledge. The Reading Teacher, 68(2), 145-148.

Nilan, P., & Dermatoto, A. (2012). Patriarchal residues in Indonesia: Respect accorded senior men by junior men. European Journal of Social Sciences, 31(2), 279-293.

O’Keeffe, A., McCarthy, M., & Carter, R. (2007). From corpus to classroom: Language use and language teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Rahimi, E., & Sharififar, M. (2015). Critical discourse analysis and its implication in English language teaching: A case study of political text. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(3), 504-511.

Richardson, J.E. (2007). Analysing newspapers: An approach from critical discourse analysis. Palgrave Macmillan: New York.

Risdaneva (2018). A critical discourse analysis of women’s portrayal in news reporting of sexual violence. Studies in English Language and Education, 5(1), 126-136.

Robson, C. (2013). Real world research (3rd ed.). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

Salviana, V., & Soedarwo, D. (2014). Political ideology meaning and patriarchal ideology of female politicians in Indonesia: A case in Malang. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 20, 486-495.

Sultana, A. (2011). Patriarchy and women’s subordination: A theoretical analysis. The Arts Faculty Journal, 6(1), 1-18.

Susilo, D. (2017). Masculinity discourse on media text: A critical review about news about violence on online news portals. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan, dan Politik, 30(4), 344-352.

Tenorio, H.E. (2011). Critical discourse analysis: An overview. Nordic Journal of English Studies, 10(1), 183-210.

Thompson, J. B. (1984). Studies in the theory of ideology. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Thompson, J.B. (1990). Ideology and modern culture. Cambridge: Polity Press.

van Dijk, T.A. (1995). Aims of critical discourse analysis. Japanese Discourse, 1, 17-27.

van Dijk, T. A. (1998) Ideology: A Multidisciplinary Approach. London: Sage.

van Dijk, T.A. (2001). Critical discourse analysis. In D. Tannen, D. Schiffrin, & H. Hamilton (Eds.), The handbook of discourse analysis (pp. 352-371). Oxford: Blackwell.

van Dijk, T. A. (2009). News, discourse, and ideology. In K. Wahl-Jogersen & T. Hanitzch (Eds.), The Handbook of Journalism Studies (pp. 191–204). New York: Routledge.

Wahjusaputri, S. (2015). Religion conflicts in Indonesia: Problems and solutions. Sociology Study, 5(12), 931-936.

Wang, X., & Zheng, H. (2016). Reasoning critical thinking: Is it born or made?. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 6, no. 6, 1323-1331.

Widdowson, H.G. (1995a). Discourse analysis: a critical view. Language and Literature, 4(3), 157-172.

Widdowson, H.G. (1995b). Norman Fairclough: “Discourse and social change” [Review of the book Discourse and social change, by N. Fairclough]. Applied Linguistics, 16(4), 510-516.

Widdowson, H.G. (2004). Text, context, pretext: Critical issues in discourse analysis. Oxford: Blackwell.

Wodak, R. (2001a). The discourse-historical approach. In R. Wodak & M. Meyer (Eds.), Methods of critical discourse analysis (pp. 63-95), London: Sage.

Wodak, R. (2001b). What CDA is about- a summary of its history, important concepts and its developments. In R. Wodak & M. Meyer (Eds.). Methods of critical discourse analysis (pp. 1-13), London: Sage.

Wodak, R. (2002). Aspects of critical discourse analysis. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Linguistik, 36, pp. 3-31.

Wodak, R. (2011). Critical discourse analysis: Challenge, overview and perspectives. In G. Anderson & K. Aijmer (Eds.), Pragmatics of society (pp. 627-650), Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Wodak, R., & Busch, B. (2004). Approaches to media texts. In J.H. Downing (Ed.), The Sage handbook of media studies (pp. 105-123). London: Sage.

Wodak, R., & Ludwig, C.H. (1999). Challenges in a changing world: Issues in critical discourse analysis, Vienna: Passagenverlag.

Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (2009a). Methods of critical discourse analysis (2nd ed.). London: Sage.

Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (2009b). Critical discourse analysis: History, agenda, theory and Methodology. In R. Wodak & M. Meyer (Eds.), Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis (pp. 1-33). London: Sage.

Zaid, M.A. (1999). Cultural confrontation and cultural acquisition in the EFL classroom. IRAL, 37(2), 111-126.