This qualitative study examines how Kompas framed female circumcision, also described as female genital mutilation (FGM), in Indonesia from 2000 to 2022 and how changes in framing redistributed discursive authority among religious figures, state institutions, health professionals, women's organizations, and women themselves. Using the framing-analysis model of William A. Gamson and Andre Modigliani, the study analyzed news reports, opinion articles, and feature stories retrieved from Kompas's print and online archives with the search terms "female circumcision" and "female genital mutilation." Each item was examined for framing devices—metaphors, catchphrases, exemplars, depictions, and visual images—and reasoning devices concerning causes, moral judgments, and consequences. The material was interpreted across four periods to trace continuity and change in gendered power relations. From 2000 to 2005, coverage largely normalized the practice through cultural and religious narratives dominated by male and customary authorities, while women's experiences remained peripheral. Between 2006 and 2010, health risks, medicalization, and legal controversy became more visible, although patriarchal assumptions persisted. During 2011–2015, women's voices, bodily autonomy, and human-rights arguments gained prominence. From 2016 to 2022, coverage increasingly connected female circumcision with gender-based violence, policy accountability, and national and global advocacy. Overall, Kompas shifted from a culturally legitimizing frame toward a more critical, rights-oriented frame. Competing frames nevertheless remained, indicating that media narratives function as a field of negotiation rather than as a linear replacement of one viewpoint by another. The study concludes that sustained inclusion of affected women and clearer contextualization of health, legal, and religious claims can strengthen media contributions to gender equality and women's rights in Indonesia.

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